BIOLOGY OBJ: 1-10: DDACDACCDC 11-20: BDBCADBBCD 21-30: DDDAEACEAA 31-40: BABCDADCDE 41-50: DCDBEECCCC 51-60: ADBBDDDDAD
1a)
i)Morphological variation: Refers to the noticeable physical appearance of individual of the same species.
ii)Pollination: The transfer of pollen from the anthers of a flower to the stigma of the same flower or of another flower.
iii)niche:is a term that is used in ecological biology to define an organism’s
role in an ecosystem.
1bi)
i)Both processes release energy
ii)Both start with the breakdown of a nutrient (glucose)
iii)Both yield byproducts
1bii)
i)draught
ii)flood
iii)pests
iv)poor storage facilities
1bii)
i)draught
ii)flood
iii)pests
iv)poor storage facilities
1ci)
-Pterophyta
-Anthophyta
-Bryophyta
1cii)
-Embryo with two cotyledons
-Flower parts in multiples of four or five
-Roots develop from radicle
-Pollen with three furrows or
pores
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3a)
i)nutrition is the act of feeding of animals
3aii)
mutation is the splitting of a cell into simpler ones which have the same characters and features of the bigger ones
3aiii) Gene are hereditary units or basic units of inheritance. They are located in chromosomes and are responsible for the transmission of character from parents to the offspring
3bi) The light rays from the object pass through the
conjuctiva, cornea, aqueous humour, lens and
vitreous humour in that order. All these
structures refract the light such that it falls on
the retina. This is called focussing. Maximum
focussing is done by the cornea and the lens.
The light then falls on the retina.
This light is received by the photoreceptors –
rods and cones, on the retina. The absorbed light
activates the pigments present in the rods and
cones. The pigments are present on the
membranes of the vesicles. Thus, the light is
then converted into action potentials in the
membranes of the vesicles. These travel as
nervous impulses through the rod or the cone
cell and reach the synaptic knobs. From here the
impulses are transmitted to the bipolar nerve
cells, then to the ganglions and then to the optic
nerves. Thus the nervous impulses generated in
the retina are carried to the brain by about a
million neurons of the optic nerve. The vision is
controlled by the occipital lobe at the back of
the brain. The information received is processed
and we are able to see the image. The image
formed on the retina is inverted. However, the
brain makes us see the image erect. So, though
the eyes are essential for vision, any damage to
the optic nerves also results in impairment of
vision.
3bii) differencea between between amoeba and euglena
—-Locomotion
Amoeba: Pseudopodia
Euglena: Flagella
—— Nutrition
Amoeba: Heterotroph by phagocytosis
Euglena: Autotroph by photosynthesis and
heterotroph by ingestion
—Photoreceptor
Ameoba:absent
euglena:present
(4ai)
-General weakness
-Headache -Sore throat
-Muscle pain
-Diarrhea and nausea
(4b)
TABULATE
Living thing: -They can move
-They reproduce
-They grow
-They respond to stimulus
-They excrete
Non living: -Most do not move
-They do not reproduce
-They do not grow
-They do not respond to stimulus
-They do not excrete
(4c) -Large cylindrical centrum
-Large neural canal
-Short tranverse process
-Long neural spine
(4b)
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